Muscular Dystrophy

Muscular Dystrophy is a group of inherited disorders that lead to progressive muscle weakness and loss of muscle mass. It occurs due to genetic mutations that prevent the body from producing proteins necessary for healthy muscle strength. The most common type is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), which usually affects boys and begins in early childhood. Symptoms include difficulty in walking, frequent falls, trouble climbing stairs, and muscle weakness, especially in the legs. As the condition progresses, muscles become weaker over time, and children may require support for walking or daily activities. In advanced stages, it can affect breathing and heart function. Diagnosis involves clinical examination, blood tests (elevated creatine kinase), genetic testing, and sometimes muscle biopsy. Early diagnosis helps in better management and planning care. Although there is no complete cure, treatment focuses on slowing disease progression and improving quality of life. Management includes physiotherapy, medications (like steroids), assistive devices, and regular cardiac and respiratory care. With proper medical support, therapy, and family care, individuals with muscular dystrophy can live longer and maintain better independence.